In partnership with DEC's Hudson River Estuary Program, citizen groups and government agencies continue to make progress in restoring and protecting this great river for generations to come. [75] In 1889, the Poughkeepsie Railroad Bridge opened for rail service between Poughkeepsie and the west side of the river. These names include, from south to north: the Great Chip Reach, Tappan Reach, Haverstroo Reach, Seylmakers' Reach, Crescent or Cook's Reach, Hoge's or High Reach, Martyr's or Martelaire Reach, Fisher's Reach, Lange Rack or Long Reach, Vasterack or Vaste Reach, Kleverack or Claverack, Backerack or Baker's Reach, Jan Playsier's Reach, and Hart's or Hunter's Reach. [41][42] New Amsterdam was founded at the mouth of the Hudson River, and would later become known as New York City. The Palisades extend southward along the river’s west bank from southern New York into northern New Jersey. [21], New York Harbor, between the Narrows and the George Washington Bridge, has a mix of fresh and ocean water, mixed by wind and tides to create an increasing gradient of salinity from the river's top to its bottom. Was it Enough? Of course, native tribes had named the river long before Hudson's arrival. [19], Strong tides make parts of New York Harbor difficult and dangerous to navigate. [19], The most discussed pollution of the Hudson River is General Electric's contamination of the river with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) between 1947 and 1977. [54] In 1778, the Continentals constructed the Great West Point Chain in order to prevent another British fleet from sailing up the Hudson. At that time, the Hudson River emptied into the Atlantic Ocean through a more westerly course through parts of present-day northern New Jersey, along the eastern side of the Watchung Mountains to Bound Brook, New Jersey and then on into the Atlantic Ocean via Raritan Bay. One of their names-Mahicantuck-means "great waters in constant motion" or, more loosely, "river that flows two ways." The fish grow to a considerable size, up to 15 feet (4.6 m) and 800 pounds (360 kg). Shallow coves and bays are often covered with submarine vegetation; shallower areas harbor diverse benthic fauna. The New Tappan Zee Bridge between Westchester and Rockland counties has a pedestrian and bicycling path covering a distance of about 3.6 miles. [57] The school characterizes the artistic body, its New York location, its landscape subject matter, and often its subject, the Hudson River. Oyster beds were also common on the river floor, which provided an extra source of nutrition. Police said it’s there that a passerby discovered two bodies washed up on the rocks. It’s going to take weeks to sort through them all.”. They also gathered other types of plant foods, such as hickory nuts and many other wild fruits and tubers. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. These species burrow in the sediment and accelerate the breakdown of organic matter. ©2020 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. So far, 327 bodies have been found on the floor of the Hudson river, just off the coast of Midtown-Manhattan, by the NYPD dive team, according to spokesperson James Dailey. [74] On the west side of the Hudson River, the West Shore Railroad opened to run passenger service from Weehawken, New Jersey to Albany, and then Buffalo. [58], At the beginning of the 19th century, transportation from the US east coast into the mainland was difficult. [53], Also in late 1776, New England militias fortified the river's choke point known as the Hudson Highlands, which included building Fort Clinton and Fort Montgomery on either side of the Hudson and a metal chain between the two. The Delaware Tribe of Indians (Bartlesville, Oklahoma) considers the closely related Mohicans to be a part of the Lenape people,[28] and so the Lenape also claim the Hudson as part of their ancestral territory, also calling it Muhheakantuck. The Hudson has a relatively short history of erosion, so it does not have a large depositional plain near its mouth. [112] Commercial fishing was once prominent in the river, although most were shut down in 1976 due to pollution; few survive today. [17] Shortly thereafter, the river enters the Hudson Highlands between Putnam and Orange Counties, flowing between mountains such as Storm King Mountain, Breakneck Ridge, and Bear Mountain. The canal was built to link the Midwest to the Port of New York, a significant seaport during that time, by way of the Great Lakes, the canal, the Mohawk River, and the Hudson River. Hudson's name wasn't applied until 1664, as England tried to justify its takeover of the region. Where did the U.S. Senate first meet, before moving to Philadelphia and then to Washington, D.C.? 2 = Transmits from Equinox Mountain in Manchester, Vermont. [70], The Hudson River valley also proved to be a good area for railroads. Go Ask Allison: My Grandma Bought Me Fake Diamonds – What A B****! The deeply eroded old riverbed beyond the current shoreline, Hudson Canyon, is a rich fishing area. [89], A 30-mile (48 km) stretch on the east bank of the Hudson has been designated the Hudson River Historic District, a National Historic Landmark. There is strong biological diversity, including intertidal vegetation like freshwater cattails and saltwater cordgrasses. The English argued that since the explorer was a subject of England's king, Hudson's river belonged to them, not to the Dutch. Other settlements were located in various locations throughout the Hudson Highlands. [38], The lower Hudson River was inhabited by the Lenape,[38] while further north, the Wappingers lived from Manhattan Island up to Poughkeepsie. The River links to the Erie Canal and Great Lakes, allowing manufacturing in the Midwest, including automobiles in Detroit, to use the river for transport. A buildup of water in the Upper New York Bay eventually allowed the Hudson River to break through previous land mass that was connecting Staten Island and Brooklyn to form the Narrows as it exists today. Riverkeeper is a non-profit environmental organization dedicated to the protection of the Hudson River and its tributaries, as well as the watersheds that provide New York City with its drinking water.
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